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Les Lancaster, Ph.D., is Professor Emeritus of Transpersonal Psychology at Liverpool John Moores University, UK, and an Honorary Research Fellow in the Centre for Jewish Studies at Manchester University, UK. He is a past Chair of the Transpersonal Psychology Section of the British Psychological Society, and currently President of the International Transpersonal Association. Les' research interests focus on the cognitive neuroscience of consciousness and the psychology of mysticism, the latter centering on Kabbalistic Psychology. His initial research training was in the quantitative methods employed in neuroscience and psychology, and he has subsequently studied the creative hermeneutic methods characteristic of the rabbinic and mystical traditions in Judaism. In seeking to integrate these approaches, he has developed what he refers to as hermeneutic neurophenomenology, which stresses the importance of drawing on the textual works of wisdom traditions within their own interpretive frameworks as an adjunct to the emphasis neurophenomenology places on experience.